Dissipation Kinetics of Carbofuran in the Soil and Its Residues in Sugarcane
Lokesh Kumar Saini *
Food Quality Testing Laboratory, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India.
K. G. Patel
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India.
Susheel Singh
Food Quality Testing Laboratory, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India.
K. D. Gandhi
Food Quality Testing Laboratory, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India.
V. H. Solanki
Food Quality Testing Laboratory, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to determine the dissipation kinetics of carbofuran and its metabolite (Carbofuran 3-OH) in the soil and their terminal residue in sugarcane. The experimental plots were subjected to application of carbofuran 3G (1.0 kg a.i./ha) at the time of planting and 60 days after planting of sugarcane variety CoN 07072 grown with recommended agronomic practices. The soil samples were periodically collected at 0 (2 hrs.), 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60 and 90 days after last application of carbofuran. QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) based extraction method adopted to quantify the residues of carbofuran on LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry) from soil, sugarcane juice and leaves were found accurate, sensitive and precise enough. Residues of carbofuran and total carbofuran (Carbofuran + Carbofuran 3-OH) were observed upto 30 days after application and reached below quantification level at 60 days after application in sugarcane grown soil. Carbofuran and total carbofuran followed the first order dissipation kinetics with the half life of 4.18 and 4.17 days, respectively in the experimental soil. Sugarcane leaves and juice contains the residues of carbofuran below quantification limit at the time of harvest of sugarcane.
Keywords: Carbofuran, dissipation, metabolite, sugarcane